Warranty Expense

This warranty is in effect until the end of Year Three. Assume in the year following the sale that repairs costing $13,000 are made for these customers at no charge. The expense has already been recognized in the year of sale so the payments made by the company serve to reduce the recorded liability. From a journal entry perspective, restatement of a previously reported income statement balance is accomplished by adjusting retained earnings. Revenues and expenses are closed into retained earnings at the end of each year. Companies are wary of recording liabilities because of the negative impact on reported information.

The purchase price must then be allocated among the various assets. This is typically done based on the relative current values of the assets involved based on recent appraisals. The process of reconciling what the company reports as cash on their general ledger and what is reported in the bank’s records—a bank statement. Webworks is continuing to accrue bad debts at 10 percent of accounts receivable. Determine if Ingalls needs to record a journal entry on December 31, 20X4, and if so, record it. On December 31, OK Buy’s accountant determines that 3 percent of the outstanding gift cards will never be redeemed for various reasons. During December, $327,000 worth of gift cards were redeemed to purchase inventory that had originally cost OK Buy $190,000.

• To illustrate, assume that on August 8, Year Two, a slight adjustment must be made to the television at a cost of $9.
• 41) Briefly discuss what gross profit represents and how it affects the net earnings of a merchandiser.
• How is the company fulfilling the liability in this case?
• Owners and managers require financial statements to make important business decisions that affect its continued operations.
• The business sells goods and services which are covered under certain warranty period.

Usually refers to the amount of a company’s total assets less total liabilities or the amount of total owners’ equity. A company’s net assets are provided through either owners’ capital contributions or retained earnings. Partnerships do not generally provide such legal protections unless they are formed and operated as LLPs according to state law.

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The company likes to sell these because it receives the cash immediately, but knows that a certain percentage will never be redeemed for merchandise. On December 1, OK Buy had a balance in unearned revenue from sales of gift cards of $728,000. ____ Age of accounts payable can help users determine if a company is having trouble paying its bills.

B) Gross profit percentage is used to measure the solvency of a company. A) Gross profit percentage is the same for companies in all industries. D) The Merchandise Inventory account must be adjusted based on a physical count due to inventory shrinkage. C) The worksheet procedures are not similar to the worksheet procedures for a service company. A) The merchandiser’s worksheet carries the account Cost of Goods Sold. 20) An adjusted trial balance a merchandiser is given below. 2) When a company uses the perpetual inventory system, there is no need to conduct a physical count of inventory.

Current Liabilities And Contingencies

Also, U.S. GAAP uses historical cost for asset valuation for most assets, especially in the area of long-term assets, whereas IFRS allows for fair value for most assets. In addition, when an asset is written down under U.S. You can think of this as the “just the facts, ma’am” principle. The objectivity principle is, in part, the reason many companies will have an independently audited set of financial statements produced on a routine basis. If you need a true valuation of your business without selling off your assets, you’ll need to bring in an expert in business valuations rather than relying on your financial statements. The historical cost principle in GAAP accounting says that the cost of an item doesn’t change in the financial reporting. The going concern assumption is what allows a business to defer the recognition of expenses to a later accounting period.

• Secondary market operations are subject to securities laws and regulated by the SEC.
• The expense must relate to the period in which they were incurred rather than on the period in which they were paid.
• The company contributes money into an independently managed fund.
• 26) Defective, damaged, or otherwise unsuitable merchandise that is returned to the seller is referred to as purchase allowances by the purchaser.
• A. The possible liability should not be shown in the financial statements.

Refers to the actual counting of inventory on-hand that is done at the end of each accounting period to establish the inventory balance and cost of goods sold amount in a periodic inventory accounting system. Physical inventories are also taken periodically under a perpetual inventory accounting system to verify the accuracy of inventory balances in the accounting records. If differences exist between a perpetual balance and the actual physical count, the records must be adjusted to reflect the physical count. Discrepancies between accounting records and actual inventory quantities may occur for a variety of reasons, including accounting errors, customer or employee theft and inventory breakage and waste. Any adjustment to reduce inventory levels requires the recording of an expense commonly referred to as inventory “shrinkage.”

Controls To Safeguard Payroll Disbursements

The price a share of stock is trading at in a secondary market. Federal unemployment insurance, which must be paid to the federal government by companies with employees in the United States. The Federal Insurance Compensation Act imposes a tax on employers and employees in equal amounts to provide funding to the federal government in support of the Social Security and Medicare programs in the United States. Self-employed individuals must pay the entire tax themselves.

Under this method, an investment in the securities of another company is initially recorded at its cost. The cost is then subsequently adjusted up for the investor’s percentage interest in the company’s reported profits and down for its share of reported losses. Any dividend receipts are accounted for as reductions in the investment’s adjusted cost. No year-end adjustment is made for changing stock values unless a permanent decline occurs.

Lo 1 How Are Current Liabilities Of Known Amounts Accounted For?

If we reverse the earlier entry in COGS at the original price, it will significantly increase the revenue that particular year. What are the journal entries if you are refurbishing the returned water bottles?

In our case, we make assumptions about Sierra Sports and build our discussion on the estimated experiences. Refers to the company’s ability to the matching principle requires businesses to report warranty expense reasonably estimate the amount of loss. Even though a reasonable estimate is the company’s best guess, it should not be a frivolous number.

Bonds are typically issued at a premium or discount when actual market interest rates have decreased or increased, respectively, since the establishment of the stated interest rate in the bond indenture. A written contract that spells out the legal terms and conditions of a bond, including the specific obligations of the company issuing the bonds and the rights of the bondholders. D. Prepare adjusting entries for the following and post them to your T-accounts.

The Income Statement

This financial recognition and disclosure are recognized in the current financial statements. The income statement and balance sheet are typically impacted by contingent liabilities. An important concept of accrual accounting, the matching principle states that the related revenues and expenses must be matched in the same period. This is done in order to link the costs of an asset or revenue to its benefits. You would need to record an entry to bring the balance back to zero (debit expense $500, credit liability). You can either add this to next warranty liability entry you make or add as a separate entry.

The entire amount is under the OASDI limit of $117,000 and thus subject to FICA. He is also subject to federal income tax at a rate of 20%. Which of the following is a part of the journal entry for accrual of the employer payroll taxes? (Assume a FICA—OASDI Tax of 6.2% and FICA—Medicare Tax of 1.45%.) Jack’s income to date exceeds the FUTA and SUTA tax income limits. 41) Cambridge Sales, Inc. has gross salaries and wages for March of $45,000.

20) A merchandiser’s statement of owner’s equity looks exactly like that of a service business. Give the journal entry to close the Sales Revenue account. 15) A merchandiser uses a perpetual inventory system.

Its form is somewhat more complex; its purpose is to disclose in more detail certain relationships that many users of financial statements consider important. An abbreviated version of the multiple-step income statement is shown in Table 1. 35) You have started working for a company that manufactures lawn mowers. These mowers carry a warranty that will replace defective parts for one year. The corporate president feels that an expense should be recorded when the defective parts are replaced. Explain the proper accounting treatment to the corporate president.

For example, Wysocki Corporation recognized an estimated loss of $800,000 in Year One because of a lawsuit involving environmental damage. Assume the case is eventually settled in Year Two for $900,000.

A car dealership is both a merchandiser and a service business if they provide repair and maintenance services as well as car sales. In some ways, restaurants may be manufacturers, merchandisers and service businesses.

Liability of the buyer, who must file a use tax return and remit the tax. Financial flexibility refers to a company’s ability to use its financial resources to adapt to change. Sell the inventory, and collect the resulting receivables. Obligation need not be legally enforceable to qualify as a liability. The obligated company is left little or no discretion to avoid the future sacrifice. Nonetheless, the FASB and the IASB have been closely working on one set of standards through a process referred to as convergence.

Administrative expenses are included as part of “operating expenses” in a multi-step formatted income statement. Obligations resulting from the purchase of inventory or supplies in which the cost is not paid at the time of purchase but is expected to be paid in the near future, usually within 30 days.

Relevant Revenues And Costs

Under this method, revenues, costs, and profits are allocated to each accounting period in proportion to the percentage of the contract completed during the given period. The percentage that is recognized during a period is calculated by dividing the total cost incurred during the period by the estimated total cost of the project. Most small businesses are on a cash basis for tax purposes, meaning revenue is reported when cash is received and expenses are reported when cash is spent (or your business’s credit card is charged).

A company sells merchandise such as a car or a microwave and agrees to fix certain problems if they arise within a specified period of time. If the car’s transmission breaks, for example, the seller promises to replace it. Making the sale with a warranty attached is the past event that creates this contingency.

As explained by the matching principle, no expense is recognized until the revenue begins to be reported. At the end of Year Two, the warranty payable T-account in the general ledger holds a balance of $14,000 ($27,000 original estimation less $13,000 payout for repairs to date). Because the warranty has not expired, company officials need to evaluate whether this $14,000 liability is still a reasonable estimation of the remaining costs to be incurred.